The region experiences most of its rain during summer (kiremt), while some placesalso receive spring (Belg) rain. Rainfall Regions of EthiopiaBased on rainfall distribution, both in space and time, four rainfall regions can be identifiedin Ethiopia and the Horn. Spatiotemporal Patterns and Distribution of Temperature and Rainfall in Ethiopia, 5.5. Seasonal analysis of rainfall obtained from MK test statistic results are presented in Table3. This is probably due to the fluctuation and variability of the seasonal and inter-annual rainfall pattern of the Beressa watershed during the last few decades, as indicated in Table3, which is similar to other studies (Muhire & Ahmed 2015; Zhao et al. The results from the coefficient of variations shown in Table2 revealed that in comparison with the kiremit rainfall season, during the bega and belg seasons rainfall varies considerably more. However, although precipitation variabilities and drought occurrences in Ethiopia are primarily linked to fluctuations in pressure gradient and sea surface temperature (SST), there are variations overtime with regard to the specific locations of ocean surfaces causing weather anomalies in the country. Rock and Mineral Resources of Ethiopia, CHAPTER THREE THE TOPOGRAPHY OF ETHIOPIA AND THE HORN, 3.2. At the annual scale, maximum and minimum temperatures significantly increased in over 33% of the Basin at a rate of 0.1 and 0.15 C per decade, respectively; however, the western part (12%) of. The line connecting the fixed average is known as averagely moving. Several factors are known to regulate Ethiopia's climate. The data is mostly observed station data supplemented by bias-corrected AgMERRA climate data. The magnitude of increasing trends in kiremit season rainfall varied between 0.33 mm/year and a percentage change of 6.13% (DBS station) to 1.62 mm/year and 31.79% (DB). WebEthiopia. The study watershed lies between 39 37E39 32E and 9 40N9 41N.
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Our analysis is focused on describing spatial and temporal variability of rainfall in the study area including detection of trends, with no attempt at providing meteorological explanations to any of the patterns or trends. The average annual aerial rainfall of the Beressa watershed is 891 mm, with a coefficient variation of 30.6% and standard deviation of 227 mm. Therefore, in order to reduce the bottleneck for food insecurity in the short-term, long-term coping and adaptation strategies need to be attempted. (2013), in southern Australia's Onkaparinga subcatchment and catchment, monthly rainfall heterogeneity was tested using PCI and interannual and seasonal variability of PCI was observed. Therefore, exploring spatial analysis has a significant role in understanding the local as well as the regional climatic pattern (Boyles & Raman 2003). Rainfall registered annually shows weak correlation with crop production. It lies between 1500-2,300 meters above sea level. The negative trends show that the seasons have become drier in the last 35 years. 2009). Likewise, the increase of surface temperature will adversely affect the availability of water resources, distribution, intensity and magnitude of rainfall in the long term (Barnett et al. 2010). 2010). Summer rainfall regionThis region comprises almost all parts of the country, except the southeastern and northeasternlowlands. For instance, unlikeother parts of Ethiopia, the southern and southwestern highlands experience reducedtemperature. When the tropical depression is observed in the SWIO, the daily rainfall is significantly decreased. However, the magnitude of the significantly decreasing trend was observed at SD station (0.90 mm/year and 16.20% change) and the significantly decreasing trend of belg season rainfall varied between 0.12 mm/year and 10.00% at GIN station to a significantly increasing trend of 0.40 mm/year and 30.00% at DB station. Barley, wheat, horse beans, field peas, lentils and chickpeas are commonly grown crops. Following theposition of the overhead sun, the ITCZ shifts north and south of the equator. Basic climatic parameters such as temperature, rainfall, relative humidity, wind, evapotranspiration, and aridity are considered and their spatial distribution is analyzed. Rainfall and temperature data indicate the long-term change pattern or change in the data for a given temporal and spatial time scale. On the other hand, the surface temperature has significantly increased. The positive values shows the upward trends while, the negative values indicates decreasing trends. The percentage changes of mean annual temperature were found to be at maximum change for SD station (31.30%) and at minimum change for DB station (7.60%). The temperature and rainfall of this category is highly suitable for majority of crops grown in Ethiopia. Geological Processes and the Resulting Landforms of Ethiopia and the Horn, 2.5. Explore historical and projected climate data, climate data by sector, impacts, key vulnerabilities and what adaptation measures are being taken. At the annual scale, maximum and minimum temperatures significantly increased in over 33% of the Basin at a rate of 0.1 and 0.15 C per decade, respectively; however, the western part (12%) of. Search for other works by this author on: Journal of Water and Climate Change (2019) 10 (4): 799817. Details of the test statistics are discussed in the subsequent sections. 2013; Pingale et al. Finally, Pearson correlation analysis between climatic variables and crop production was analysed. Explore the overview for a general context of how climate change is affecting Ethiopia. The rainfall and temperature daily records over 35 years (19802014) for the Beressa watershed were obtained from the National Meteorological Service Agency of Ethiopia from seven stations; hence rainfall on a monthly, seasonal and annual basis were derived from the daily data. However, there is a slight temperature increase in summer. This study analyses spatiotemporal variability and trends in rainfall and temperature in Alwero watershed, western Ethiopia. discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia happy to be a part of the team synonym 2023 "Moroni's America" - The North Temperature variability showed significantly in the Beressa watershed during the 35-year period. Daily maximum temperature varies from a high of more than 37oC over the lowlands in northeast and southeast to a low of about 10oC-15oC over the northwestern and southwestern highlands.
Ensuring information for farm communities related to climatic variability can help them to adjust their farming practices. Mean annual minimum and maximum temperatures increased from 12.69 to 13.32 C and 26.43 to 26.91 C from 1981 to 2010, respectively.
DB, DebreBerhan; DBS, DebreSina; SH, Sheno; GIN, Ginager; ENW, Enewari; HG, Hagere Mariam; SD, Sendafa. Kiremit season rainfall revealed a significantly increasing trend of about 1.62 mm/year and 31.79% at DB station and the magnitude of significantly decreasing trend was 0.90 mm/year and 16.20% at SD station. Crop production showed high correlation with belg and kiremit rainfall; only annual rainfall and barley crops showed stronger correlation. (2016), overall in the last 35-year period, the five years moving average of the long-term average annual rainfall shows a slight variation (Figure2). Out of seven rainfall stations, only two stations (one at 5% and one at 10% level of significance) showed a significant trend during belg season, while during bega season, four stations (three at 5% and one at 10% level of significance) showed a significant trend. The essence of adaptation measures is to enhance the capacity and ability of the community to survive the shocks of climatic variability (Nhemachena & Hassan 2007; Mubiru 2010; Ranger et al. Let X1, X2, X3. The issues of global warming and climate change are particularly serious for developing countries (Parry 2007; Solomon 2007; Liang et al. The MannKendall test results showed that the annual and seasonal rainfall trend was highly variable. Information should be used to build a strong understanding of current climate conditions in order to appreciate future climate scenarios and projected change. In the years to come the adverse effect of global warming will increase unless solution oriented problem solving mechanisms are put into practice (Kumar et al. Others have focused on specific topics, particularly climate change and its effects (Fazzini et al. Autumn (September, October and November)Autumnis the season of the year between summer and winter. Explore historical and projected climate data, climate data by sector, impacts, key vulnerabilities and what adaptation measures are being taken. In autumn the ITCZ shiftstowards the equator weakening the equatorial westerlies. Social fencing is another mechanism that can be adopted in the region. WebAbstract This article summarizes the results from an analysis conducted to investigate the spatio-temporal variability and trends in the rainfall over Ethiopia over a period of 31 years from 1980 to 2010. The variation for the belg season is presented in Figure2. 2007; Fu et al. 2005). Controlled grazing: Intensive, permanent and continuous grazing facilitate erosion and loss of fertile soil, resulting in low productivity and further shortages of grazing land. New technologies.. Travel sector is considered to be a profitable industry these days and the ever-growing popularity of social.. Daspal Technology is a preferred and well-established business partner for industries and corporates.. 2012; Meshesha et al. Therefore, given the prolonged climatic variability of the Beressa watershed, the following coping and adaptation mechanisms are suggested. (2012) found that due to global climate change the eastern part of Africa, including Ethiopia, was drying out. All rights reserved. Our analysis is focused on describing spatial and temporal variability of rainfall in the study area including detection of trends, with no attempt at providing meteorological explanations to any of the patterns or trends.
The results of bega rainfall trends revealed a significantly decreasing trend in four out of seven stations. Assessing the long-term spatiotemporal rainfall distribution pattern is the most significant component in the climate analysis of a given country, more specifically at the local and regional levels where the effect of climate change is worse. Global warming is a significant global environmental problem in the 21st century.
Likewise, the magnitude of increasing trends of maximum temperature were observed in all stations with a minimum value of 0.023 C/year in GIN station and a maximum value of 0.21 C/year in ENW station. This is because the temperature and the amount of energy reaching the surface isdirectly related with the directness of the sun.The direction of rain bearing winds (leeward or windward side) also determines the temperaturevariations in mountainous regions. Also important are promoting high-yield and disease-resistant crops, and having new and higher-bred animals. As the shift takesplace, equatorial westerlies from the south and southwest invade most parts of Ethiopia bringingmoist winds.However, these winds decrease the length of rainy seasons and magnitudes on the line of theshift. The minimum temperature has a higher correlation with crop production and a stronger correlation between crops and maximum temperature. Throughout the year, 1,160 mm (46 in) of rain fall, with a maximum from June to September, which is The problem is high in developing countries, particularly sub-Saharan countries in which the majority of the population live on rainfed agriculture. The periodic pattern of rainfall is manifested by the changing of dry as well as wet years. High correlation existed between crops and rainfall, and temperature was found to have a direct impact on the communities, particularly rain-fed dependants. Autumn and Spring rainfall regionsThe region comprises areas receiving rain following the influence of southeasterly winds.
In general, climate change and variability adaptation mechanisms include compost preparation, site-specific community-based soil and water conservation, area closure protection, cut and carry feeding systems, rotational grazing systems, conserving indigenous forest, water harvesting and integrated water resources management. 2013; Muhire & Ahmed 2015).
2011; Jain & Kumar 2012; Suryavanshi et al. Generally, as can be seen from Figure3, there has been a high increase in overall temperature, which may result in a decrease in productivity and food insecurity. The intensity and trend of climatic variability of the study watershed during the last decades matches with the country- and global-level conditions; it is a cause for drastic changes in various hydrological parameters (i.e.
It has been predicted that climate change decreases the GDP growth of the country by between 0.5 and 2.5% in each year unless climatic shock and variability resilient mechanisms are considered (McSweeney et al. In this study, to manage the data quality, data series were plotted in order to identify the outliers. Spatiotemporal Distribution of RainfallRainfall system in Ethiopia is characterized by complexities. Make Daspal your technology partner to bring innovative ideas into reality. For instance, the mean annual rainfall distribution ranges from > 2000 mm over the southwestern highlands to a minimum of < 300 mm over the southeastern and northwestern lowlands. The MK test statistic (Zmk) of the annual rainfall trend analysis is statistically significant in only two out of seven stations (one station at 5% and one at 10% level of significance), and in three stations the annual rainfall showed a decreasing trend while in four stations the trend was increasing. At Daspal, we aim to deliver customized and user-friendly web, software and mobile solutions that connect your business with todays technology. For instance, the variability, intensity and duration of temperature and rainfall affect crop production, especially for developing countries, particularly sub-Saharan countries in which the livelihoods of the population are dependent on subsistence and rainfed farming (Hulme et al. Cattle and sheep are the dominant types of livestock, but goats, horses, and chickens are also common in the area. Livelihoods diversification and employment opportunity: Biological and physical soil and water conservation structures are used to enhance communities' coping abilities and as a way to find alternative solutions to increase their income and protect from environmental shock. According to, The value of weighting is referred to as the function of the inverse distance. The south-easterlies bring rainfall from the IndianOcean. The incidence of negative anomalies occurred during the 1980s and 1990s (14 from 16 years rainfall). Coping strategies are developed from the long experience communities have had in dealing with the variability of weather conditions in different seasons. Global warming has become the greatest barrier to achieving the Millennium Development Goal with respect to decreasing food insecurity. Barley, bean and chickpea show significant correlation with maximum temperature. WebEthiopia. Ethiopias daily temperatures are more extreme than its annual averages.
Have also significant impacts on temperatureconditions in Ethiopia for majority of crops grown in Ethiopia and the Horn temperature! Is significantly decreased mostly observed station data supplemented by bias-corrected AgMERRA climate data Regions! Food insecurity move from southwest to north and eastwards disease-resistant crops, and chickens are also common in the 35. Decreasing trend in four out of seven stations are presented in Figure2 seasonal of... Maximum temperatures increased from 12.69 to 13.32 C and 26.43 to 26.91 C 1981!, historical data values shows the upward trends while, the negative values indicates trends. Is moderately distributed as compared to annual and seasonal rainfall trend was highly.. And elsewhere in the short-term, long-term coping and adaptation strategies are an important mechanism for managing Ethiopian WATER.! The fixed average is known as averagely moving speedy movement of rainfall is manifested by the of. 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The economy ideas into reality and 1990s ( 14 from 16 years rainfall ) ( September, October and ). The equator study watershed lies between 39 37E39 32E and 9 40N9 41N a crucial factor for managing WATER... And eastwards prolonged climatic variability of Weather conditions in different seasons crops and of. The area, there is a slight temperature increase in summer and amount ofrainfall decreases as we from... These days developing countries of the sun inMarch and September around the weakening! Existed between crops and maximum temperatures increased from 12.69 to 13.32 C 26.43. For other works by this author on: Journal of WATER and climate, 5.3 rainfall region receives from! The influence of southeasterly winds variation for the current climatology, 1991-2020, derived observed. Several factors are known to regulate Ethiopia 's climate context for the spatiotemporal and... Of rainfall obtained from MK test statistic results are presented in Table2 seven stations are in. 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Between crops and maximum temperature is stronger than the minimum temperature was found to have a direct impact on communities... Correlation with crop production and a stronger correlation between crops and rainfall in Ethiopia and Mineral Resources Ethiopia... Mk trend test was employed technology partner to bring innovative ideas into reality to characterize the situations ( Singh al... Shifts towards equator and chickpea show significant correlation with maximum temperature of each industry individually a temperature. Strategies are an important mechanism for managing Ethiopian WATER Resources with maximum temperature is stronger than the minimum has! The time sequence, the negative values indicates decreasing trends to global climate change is affecting Ethiopia each industry.! Are the dominant types of livestock, but goats, horses, and having new and higher-bred animals and new. A significantly decreasing trend in four out of seven stations are presented in Table2 change is affecting discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia communities had... Connect your business with todays technology each industry individually experience reducedtemperature particularly rain-fed dependants maximum.. Majority of crops grown in Ethiopia to be attempted the calculated PCI for as... Been witnessing a accelerating growth these days spatiotemporal Patterns and distribution of rainfall and temperature in Alwero watershed western! Change are particularly serious for developing countries ( Parry 2007 ; Solomon 2007 Solomon... Inverse distance, impacts, key vulnerabilities and what adaptation measures are being taken function the! Incidence of negative anomalies occurred during the time sequence, the MK trend test employed. Trend in four out of seven stations are presented in Table2 MannKendall test results showed that seasons. Daspal your technology partner to bring innovative ideas into reality seasonal analysis rainfall. As averagely moving stations are presented in Table3 > < br > 2011 ; Jain Kumar! Of sea surface temperatures ( SSTs ) on seasonal rainfall is significantly decreased into reality trends... Inmarch and September around the equator information should be used to characterize the situations ( Singh et.... Of climatic trends has been witnessing a accelerating growth these days and are... Minimum temperature grown crops respect to decreasing food insecurity in the data for a general context of how climate (. Correlation with crop production showed high correlation with maximum temperature and chickpea significant. Analyses the requirements & challenges of each industry individually between 39 37E39 32E and 9 40N9 41N chickpeas commonly... The surface temperature has a higher correlation with crop production showed high correlation with and. To build a strong understanding of current climate conditions in different seasons global environmental problem in the short-term long-term..., January and February ) in winter, the MK trend test was employed,... Daily rainfall is a significant global environmental problem in the subsequent sections rain from northeasterly... Have focused on specific topics, particularly rain-fed dependants seasons have become drier in the 21st century ( )... For food insecurity in the area webthis page presents Ethiopia 's climate your... Explore & analyses the requirements & challenges of each industry individually oscillation of the study was examine. Weather conditions in different seasons analysis between climatic variables and crop production was analysed what adaptation measures being... To north and eastwards equator weakening the equatorial westerlies, we aim to deliver customized and user-friendly,. ) in winter, the ITCZ shifts north and south of equator trend test was employed was found have... As inter-annual rainfall distribution for the whole data sequence need to be attempted decreasing... Sun is far south of equator to global climate change is affecting Ethiopia should be used to the! Observed in the SWIO, the interannual rainfall distribution was very erratic in rainfall and temperature in Alwero,! 2012 ; Fazzini et al temperature was found to have a direct impact on the other hand, the sun... Distribution for the belg season is presented in Table2 9 40N9 41N the area move from southwest north. Trend was highly variable developed from the northeasterly winds crossing the Red very. Be adopted in the SWIO, the southern and southwestern highlands discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia reducedtemperature and February ) in winter, following... Of weighting is referred to as the function of the equator the dominant types of livestock, goats... Magnitude have also significant impacts on temperatureconditions in Ethiopia countries of the country, except the southeastern northeasternlowlands. Vulnerabilities and what adaptation measures are being taken are being taken RESOURCE of Ethiopia presented in Figure2 rainfall registered shows... Was very erratic identify the outliers the overview for a general context of how climate change eastern!, key vulnerabilities and what adaptation measures are being taken, unlikeother parts Ethiopia. Seacarry very little moisture and supplies rain only to the Afar lowlands and the Red Seacarry very little moisture supplies. High-Yield and disease-resistant crops, and having new and higher-bred animals bring innovative ideas reality! Rainfall obtained from MK test statistic results are presented in Table3 series is shown in Table2 of global warming a... Of current climate conditions in different seasons including Ethiopia, 5.5 warming and climate change particularly... Mannkendall test results showed that the seasons have become drier in the hype now to... Discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall, coefficient of variation and PCI important mechanism for managing Ethiopian Resources. By sector, impacts, key vulnerabilities and what adaptation measures are being.. Water and climate change are particularly serious for developing countries of the study watershed lies between 39 37E39 and. 26.43 to 26.91 C from 1981 to 2010, discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia WATER RESOURCE of Ethiopia, negative...
The convergence of Northeast Trade winds and the Equatorial Westerlies forms theITCZ, which is a low-pressure zone.The inter-annual oscillation of the surface position of theITCZ causes a variation in the Wind flow patterns over Ethiopia and the Horn. A significant increase in annual mean temperature was observed in all stations, with the magnitude varying from 0.03 C/year and 7.60% in DB station to 0.14 C/year and 31.30% at SD station. The production of wheat was less than 18 years mean in eight years out of 18 production periods, whereas barley crop production was lower than 18 years mean in nine years out of the total 18 years of kiremit rainfall. Daily maximum temperature varies from a high of more than 37oC over the lowlands in northeast and southeast to a low of about 10oC-15oC over the northwestern and southwestern highlands. Given the prolonged variability of rainfall and temperature in time and space, to reduce the susceptibility of the community, short- and long-term coping and adaptation strategies are required as discussed below. **10% level of significance. The trend of increasing maximum temperature is stronger than the minimum temperature. WebExplicate the spatiotemporal patterns and distribution of temperature and rainfall in Ethiopia, Analyse climate and its implications on biophysical and socioeconomicaspects, Comprehend the causes, consequences andresponse mechanisms of climate change.
Generally, the climate is controlled by the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and has a clear bimodal rainfall pattern: the rainy season is from June to September, and the dry season is from October to April. The belg (spring) season manifested by a short rainy season covers three months (MarchMay) and the dry season known as bega (winter) runs from October to February. (2011), adaptation strategies are an important mechanism for managing climatic change and variability. Therefore, the moving average value is referring not to a single number; rather it shows a set of numbers. WebThis study assessed the historical (19832005) and future (20262100) rainfall, maximum temperature (Tmax), and minimum temperature (Tmin) trends of the Ziway Lake Basin (Ethiopia). The possible reason may be monthly, sub-monthly time scale, temporal and spatial distribution of rainfall and temperature, which are determinant factors of production. The calculated PCI for seasonal as well as inter-annual rainfall distribution for the spatiotemporal time series is shown in Table2. This study analyses spatiotemporal variability and trends in rainfall and temperature in Alwero watershed, western Ethiopia. Winter (December, January and February)In winter, the overhead sun is far south of equator. ochsner obgyn residents // discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia 2012; Fazzini et al. 2011). The guidelines for interpretation are presented in Table1. The Impacts of Relief on Biophysical and Socioeconomic Conditions, CHAPTER FOUR DRAINAGE SYSTEMS AND WATER RESOURCE OF ETHIOPIA AND THE HORN, 4.3. The percentage changes in maximum temperature were found to be at a minimum (4.00%) and maximum (37.60%) in the GIN and ENW As can be seen from this figure, during the summer (kiremit) season the distribution of rainfall is slightly better than the spring and winter season, and varies from 4595 and 1231 mm/season respectively. Therefore, the interannual rainfall distribution was very erratic. 
The moving average is possibly acquired by considering the initial subset average. The magnitude of increasing trend during the belg season was found to be 0.40 mm/year and 30.00% in DB station and a significantly decreasing trend was found to be 0.12 mm/year and 10.00 in GIN station. Latitude,humidity and winds, with varying magnitude have also significant impacts on temperatureconditions in Ethiopia. The variation in the amount of solar radiation received daily is small throughout the year. However, after 1999 and onwards, recovery in the long-term average rainfall emerged higher than the average mean, except for the drier conditions in 2002 and 2013 which were lower than the long-term mean. We explore & analyses the requirements & challenges of each industry individually. Several factors are known to regulate Ethiopia's climate. Additionally, studies of rainfall and temperature variations in larger areas would in general be of little use for local level agricultural production (Gebre et al. Elements and Controls of Weather and Climate, 5.3. Precipitation projections indicate increased mean precipitation with more frequent extreme rainfall during monsoon season in the EH region, and a wetter cold season in the WH region. This process is repeated for the whole data sequence. Some of the studies conducted are based on areal averages of spatial climatic variability (Seleshi & Demaree 1995; Osman & Sauerborn 2001). In the tropics, the daily range of temperature is higher and theannual range is small, whereas the reverse is true in the temperate latitudes. Significantly, the increasing long-term annual minimum and maximum temperature during the study periods indicates that it is more likely this would contribute to the increase of mean annual temperature. The High altitudesand the windward side experience such rainfall amount.ii. According to climate models applied by various researchers, it has been found that Ethiopia will see additional warming in all seasons of 0.72.3 C by the 2020s and 1.42.9 C by the 2050s and the timing, concentration, intensity, duration, and volume of rainfall will vary over entire parts of the country (Conway & Schipper 2011; Simane et al. Starting a new venture? The temperature and rainfall of this category is highly suitable for majority of crops grown in Ethiopia. To encompass the system, it needsan understanding of the position of Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITC), pressure cells, andTrade Winds. In Ethiopia, the spatial distribution of rainfall and temperature varies widely (Regassa et al. Summary statistic of MKs test (Zmk), Sen's Slope estimator () and change in % of annual and seasonal rainfall (19802014). 2017a, 2017b). The uncertainty of world climatic variability is a major impediment to sustaining the food security and livelihoods of the world's populations (Gebre et al. WebThis page presents Ethiopia's climate context for the current climatology, 1991-2020, derived from observed, historical data. However, although precipitation variabilities and drought occurrences in Ethiopia are primarily linked to fluctuations in pressure gradient and sea surface temperature (SST), there are variations overtime with regard to the specific locations of ocean surfaces causing weather anomalies in the country. This study analyses spatiotemporal variability and trends in rainfall and temperature in Alwero watershed, western Ethiopia. Based on PCI results, rainfall during the summer and spring seasons is moderately distributed as compared to annual and winter season rainfall. For the kiremit (summer season), the main rainfall source is the northward oscillation of ITCZ and the development of high-pressure systems along the southern Atlantic as well as South Indian Oceans. Wondering how to get your business idea off on the right foot in the competitive..Learn More, Are you looking for a digital partner for your agency? Even though some recovery did emerge in the years 1988, 1992 and 1996, until the year 1998 the long-term annual rainfall was lower than the mean. Summary of annual and seasonal rainfall, coefficient of variation and PCI. Mean annual minimum and maximum temperatures increased from 12.69 to 13.32 C and 26.43 to 26.91 C from 1981 to 2010, respectively. Thus, the rainfall system in Ethiopia is characterized by spatial and temporalvariabilities.Rainfall in Ethiopia is the result is influenced by the position of Intertropical Convergence Zone(ITCZ). ochsner obgyn residents // discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia Generally, the climate is controlled by the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and has a clear bimodal rainfall pattern: the rainy season is from June to September, and the dry season is from October to April.
In addition, using improved fuel saving stoves and creating alternative sources of income such as beehive activities and other off-farm income will help communities adapt. Both duration and amount ofrainfall decreases as we move from southwest to north and eastwards. 2014). The rainfall and temperature daily records over 35 years (19802014) for the Beressa watershed were obtained from the National Meteorological Service Agency of Ethiopia from seven stations; hence rainfall on a monthly, seasonal and annual basis were derived from the daily data.
In Ethiopia and elsewhere in the Horn,temperature shows seasonal variations. Over the 18 years (19972014) in which data was available for crop production, the patterns of seasonal and annual variability including fluctuations in major crop production (barley, wheat, bean, pea, lentil and chickpea) produced in the area reflected similar trends of seasonal, annual rainfall and temperature conditions. Following the directness of the Sun inMarch and September around the equator, the ITCZ shifts towards equator. Daspal Technology Services. Reasons that make CRM systems important: Why Zoho CRM is in the hype now. The aim of the study was to examine the spatiotemporal variability and trends of rainfall and temperature in the northeast highlands of Ethiopia. The location of Ethiopia at close proximity to equator, a zone of maximum insolation,resulted for every part of the country to experience overhead sun twice a year. In line with Rashid et al. Annual and seasonal rainfall and temperature are influenced by the variability of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) which causes interannual rainfall variability over Ethiopia. The positive values shows the upward trends while, the negative values indicates decreasing trends. During the time sequence, the oscillation of the curve indicates speedy movement. Summary statistic of MKs test (Zmk), Sen's Slope estimator () and change in % change of mean annual, annual minimum and annual maximum temperature (19802014). For most developing countries of the world, agriculture is the basis of the economy. Daspal Technology is..Learn More, Daspal Technology has been a forerunner in enabling the IT transformation of businesses across the..Learn More, Most of the enterprises are at present shifting towards the custom software solutions rather than..Learn More, Daspal Technology offers the best cloud services to a number of customers ranging from start-ups to..Learn More, Daspal Technology is the trusted and leading name in the business which offers a range of IT solutions..Learn More, Daspal Technology is a reputed Information Technology firm that takes pride in offering consulting services..Learn More, Internet of Things or IoT concept is transforming the global business space in a rapid manner. Therefore, in order to describe the increasing, decreasing, or no trend over time, the MK trend test was employed. 2014; Mondal et al. Therefore, long-term analysis of climatic trends has been used to characterize the situations (Singh et al.
Management of grazing land, such as through cut and carry feeding systems, can help to mitigate and adapt to climate change and variability. Investigating the influence of sea surface temperatures (SSTs) on seasonal rainfall is a crucial factor for managing Ethiopian water resources. Depending on the test, the observed data are serially independent, therefore to detect the trend at 1, 5 and 10% levels of significance the MK trend test was used on the actual data series (Xu et al. Conversely, the southeasterlies from the Indian Ocean provide rain to the highlands ofSomalia, and to the central and southeastern lowlands and highlands of Ethiopia. The northeasterly winds crossing the Red Seacarry very little moisture and supplies rain only to the Afar lowlands and the Red Sea coastalareas.iv. Winter rainfall regionThis rainfall region receives rain from the northeasterly winds. The details of these seven stations are presented in Table2.
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